Under a General Anaesthetic, a key-hole "telescope" is inserted under the skin and "fascia" but above the muscle. The incompetent perforating veins can be seen running from the muscle, out, through the fascia
When the veins are dissected free of the surrounding tissue, they can be seen clearly and then clipped with a steel clip, ensuring that they are completely closed and therefore stopping the abnormal flow of blood within them.
